curs_inch(3X)

NAME
inch, winch, mvinch, mvwinch - get a curses character from a window

SYNOPSIS
#include <curses.h>

chtype inch(void);
chtype winch(WINDOW * win);
chtype mvinch(int y, int x);
chtype mvwinch(WINDOW * win, int y, int x);

DESCRIPTION
winch returns the curses character, including its attributes and color pair identifier, at the cursor position in the window win. Subsection “Video Attributes” of attron(3X) explains how to extract these data from a chtype. ncurses(3X) describes the variants of this function.

RETURN VALUE
Functions prefixed with “mv” first perform cursor movement and fail, returning ERR if the position (y, x) is outside the window boundaries.

If win is NULL, ncurses returns 0, which is not OK.

NOTES
inch, mvinch, and mvwinch may be implemented as macros.

These functions do not fail if the window contains cells of curses complex characters; that is, if they contain characters with codes wider than eight bits (or greater than 255 as an unsigned decimal integer). The returned value depends upon the locale: If the locale encoding is UTF-8, ncurses extracts only the low-order eight bits of the character code from the cell. If the locale encoding is not UTF-8, ncurses converts the character from Unicode to the locale encoding, and extracts the low-order eight bits from the resulting character.

PORTABILITY
X/Open Curses Issue 4 describes these functions. It specifies no error conditions for them.

HISTORY
The original curses in 4BSD (1980) defined winch as a macro accessing the WINDOW structure member representing character cell data, at that time a char, containing only a 7-bit ASCII character code and a “standout“ attribute bit, the only one the library supported.

SVr2 curses (1984) extended this approach, widening the character code to eight bits and permitting several attributes to be combined with it by storing them together in a chtype, an alias of unsigned short. Because a macro was used, its value was not type-checked as a function return value could have been. Goodheart documented SVr3 (1987) winch as returning an int. SVr3.1's (1987) chtype became an alias of unsigned long, using 16 bits for the character code and widening the type in practical terms to 32 bits, as 64-bit Unix systems were not yet in wide use, and fixed-width integral types would not be standard until ISO C99. SVr3.2 (1988) added a 6-bit color pair identifier alongside the attributes.

SEE ALSO
curs_in_wch(3X) describes comparable functions of the ncurses library in its wide-character configuration (ncursesw).

curses(3X), curs_instr(3X)